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Hip Impingement
When Hip Movement Meets Resistance
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A condition where abnormal bone shapes or joint mechanics create friction in the hip joint, leading to pain and restricted movement. Learn about the causes, symptoms, and advanced treatment options to restore comfort and mobility.
Understanding Normal Hip Anatomy
The hip joint is a marvel of biomechanics, designed for both stability and mobility. It consists of a "ball" (the head of the femur) and a "socket" (the acetabulum of the pelvis), forming a ball-and-socket structure. This deep socket provides natural stability to the joint.
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Adding to its robust design, the hip is supported by a strong joint capsule and a ring of specialized cartilage known as the labrum. The capsule acts as a protective lining, while the labrum enhances stability by creating a tight seal around the femoral head. Together, these components work in harmony to allow smooth, unrestricted movement while preventing instability or conflict within the joint.
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This intricate anatomy enables a full range of motion, making the hip a cornerstone for everyday activities like walking, running, and bending. When any of these elements become compromised, however, it can lead to pain and impaired function. Understanding the hip’s anatomy is key to recognizing and addressing potential issues effectively.
Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI): Understanding and Treatment Options
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What is FAI?
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) occurs when abnormal contact between the hip’s ball (femoral head) and socket (acetabulum) restricts joint movement and causes pain. This condition often results from bone overgrowth on the femoral head (cam lesion) or an excessively deep or misaligned socket (pincer lesion). These abnormalities create friction during hip movements, particularly in activities requiring deep flexion, like ballet, hockey, or soccer. Over time, repetitive impingement can lead to labral tears, cartilage damage, and even early arthritis.
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Common Symptoms of FAI
FAI often presents with activity-related groin pain and mechanical symptoms like clicking or catching deep within the hip. As the condition progresses, the pain can become constant, limiting recreational activities and daily tasks.
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Treatment Options for FAI
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Conservative Management:
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Activity Modification: Avoid movements that trigger pain or impingement.
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Physical Therapy: Strengthen surrounding muscles to support joint stability.
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Injections: Corticosteroid or other injections can temporarily reduce inflammation and pain.
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Surgical Intervention:
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If conservative treatments fail, surgery may be needed to address the structural abnormalities.
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Hip arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure used to:
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Repair torn labral tissue with anchors.
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Reshape the femoral head or socket to eliminate impingement.
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Address cartilage damage through regeneration techniques.
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Advanced Considerations
Most forms of FAI, including cam and pincer lesions, can be treated effectively with hip arthroscopy. However, if abnormal femoral rotation (e.g., femoral retrotorsion) exacerbates the impingement, a realignment procedure called derotational femoral osteotomy (DFO) may be required. While minimally invasive, a DFO involves a longer recovery period.
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Am I a Candidate for Hip Arthroscopy?
Hip arthroscopy may be a good option for you if:
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You are under 50 years old.
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You have localized structural damage.
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You have minimal cartilage damage or arthritis.
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Outcomes are typically best in younger patients with early-stage injuries. Your surgeon will evaluate your specific condition, goals, and lifestyle to determine the most appropriate treatment.
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Personalized Care for Hip Impingement
Choosing the right treatment involves careful consideration of your diagnosis, symptoms, and long-term activity goals. Bring your questions to your consultation—your care team will take the time to address all concerns and craft a personalized treatment plan.
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We’re here to help you get back to the life you love. Don’t let hip pain hold you back.